5/21 - "...current legislation (could) potentially result in the renegotiation of fees that merchants pay issuing banks, known as the interchange fee. While I’d be far out of line to assess the odds that the bill passes, it’s a worthwhile example to illustrate why American Express is the much better company and – as we’ll see later when looking at valuation – investment."
"Visa and MasterCard...are very much a duopoly in the credit card market, with roughly 80% of the cards in force being one of those two brands. While there are lawsuits by merchants alleging antitrust violations, none have gone to trial as of yet, although a successful verdict against Visa wouldn’t be the first time that company has been hit for anti-competitive practices – Visa was forced to settle a multibillion dollar lawsuit brought by American Express alleging Visa had a long history of preventing banks from issuing rival cards.
The big question, though, is whether the leverage Visa and MasterCard have over merchants is enough to entail government arbitration to the point of setting fee schedules lower. Again, whether or not that happens, or to what extent it does happen, is beyond my knowledge. But there are two adverse possibilities, one being that interchange fees are lowered, and the other being that the fees Visa or MasterCard can charge are lowered...a decrease in the interchange fees would make these cards a much lower-profit enterprise for the issuing financial institutions, and that would incentivize them toward making money on the interest rate side. Raising credit card interest rates would make using credit cards a much less-appealing option for consumers, and this could put a clamp down on the revenues Visa and MasterCard receive."
"None of this is to say that Visa or MasterCard are bad companies – far from it; their model has very positive operating leverage, they should benefit greatly from marginal shifts from cash to plastic, and the lack of huge capital commitments puts most other industries to shame. But are these companies worth fairly high multiples given their existing size and scale? I think it’s going to be a real contest for earnings growth to outpace multiple compression over the intermediate-term, and given how hot Visa and MasterCard have been of late, the prudent thing to do is be cautious… or even look at the unloved stock with the best underlying economics in the space – American Express."